Classes and structs

Classes with members and constructors, struct for plain data, and smart pointers instead of new / delete.

Runs in Zerethon IDE · C++ (GCC 14) Official C++ documentation ↗

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string>

struct Point {
    int x = 0;
    int y = 0;
};

class Counter {
public:
    explicit Counter(int start) : value_(start) {}
    int next() { return ++value_; }
    int value() const { return value_; }

private:
    int value_;
};

int main() {
    Point p{3, 4};
    std::cout << p.x + p.y << '\n';

    Counter c(10);
    c.next();
    std::cout << c.next() << ' ' << c.value() << '\n';

    auto owned = std::make_unique<Counter>(1);   // freed automatically
    std::cout << owned->next() << '\n';
}

Output

7
12 12
2

struct and class differ only in the default access (public vs private).
Mark methods that do not change the object const.
Use std::make_unique / std::unique_ptr instead of raw new and delete; the memory is freed when the pointer goes out of scope.

Classes and structs

Related topics

Official references